Activated carbon

Activated carbon

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Activated carbon, also called activated charcoal or activated coal, is a form of carbon that has been processed to make it extremely porous and thus to have a very large surface areaavailable for adsorption or chemical reactions. ^[1] The word activated in the name is sometimes substituted by active. Due to its high degree of microporosity, just one gram of activated carbon has a surface area of approximately 500 m² (or about 2.17 tennis courts), as determined typically by nitrogen gas adsorption. Sufficient activation for useful applications may come solely from the high surface area, though further chemical treatment often enhances the adsorbing properties of the material. Activated carbon is usually derived from charcoal.

Contents [hide] 1 Production 2 Properties 3 Classifications 3.1 Powdered activated carbon (PAC) 3.2 Granular activated carbon (GAC) 3.3 Extruded activated carbon (EAC) 3.4 Impregnated carbon 3.5 Polymers coated carbon 3.6 Other 4 Properties of activated carbon 4.1 Iodine Number 4.2 Molasses 4.3 Tannin 4.4 Methylene blue 4.5 Dechlorination 4.6 Apparent density 4.7 Hardness/abrasion number 4.8 Ash content 4.9 Carbon tetrachloride activity 4.10 Particle size distribution 5 Examples of adsorption 5.1 Heterogeneous catalysis 5.2 Adsorption refrigeration 6 Applications 6.1 Environmental applications 6.2 Medical applications 6.3 Fuel Storage 6.4 Gas purification 6.5 Distilled alcoholic beverage purification 7 Mercury scrubbing 7.1 Disposal in the USA 8 See also 9 External links 10 References